Sprains & instability
Tendon
Achilles Tendinopathy
Painful degeneration of the Achilles tendon from overuse.
Achilles Ruptures
Complete tear of the Achilles tendon, often with a sudden pop on push-off.
Peroneal Tendon Tear
Tear or slipping of the tendons along the outer ankle.
Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction
Failure of the tendon that supports the arch, leading to a flattening foot.
Forefoot & midfoot
Plantar Fasciitis
Heel pain from inflammation along the bottom of the foot, worst with the first steps.
Bunions (Hallux Valgus)
A bony bump and drift of the big toe.
Big-Toe Arthritis (Hallux Rigidus)
Arthritis and stiffening of the big-toe joint.
Hammer Toe
A chronically bent toe joint from imbalanced tendon pull.
Metatarsalgia
Pain under the ball of the foot from overload.
Morton's Neuroma
Painful nerve enlargement between the toes.
Plantar Plate Tear
Tear of the ligament under a lesser toe, causing pain and toe drift.
Sever's Disease
Heel growth-plate irritation in active children and adolescents.
Arthritis
Nerve
Stress fractures
Fractures
Non-operative care
Most foot and ankle problems are managed without surgery using bracing, orthotics, activity changes, therapy, and injections when appropriate. See all non-operative care →
Surgical options
Total ankle replacement, ankle arthroscopy, Achilles repair, ligament reconstruction, ankle fracture fixation, and bunion and hammer-toe correction. See all procedures →